Seit 2009 gehört Wuala zu LaCie, einem französisch-amerikanischen Hersteller von Speicherlösungen. The lessons of these two case studies are also useful to partly explain a widely-known phenomenon related to decentralized architectures, i.e. Mitentwickelt von der Eidgenössischen Technische Hochschule (ETH) in Zürich ist Wuala 2011 mit seinem Angebot für Geschäftskunden gestartet, bereits seit 2008 können Privatpersonen den Cloud-Service nutzen. Via these two case studies, the chapter shows that one of the reasons why these gaps are particularly problematic is that they are not merely ‘technical’ or ‘social’ or ‘economic,’ but a mix of the three. Environmental Protection Agency, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. All vehicle and engine conversions must meet emissions and safety standards instituted by the U.S. This revealed a number of technical and social features that pioneer users were attached to, but that developers were unable to make self-sustainable in order to maintain the peer-to-peer nature of the system. The report discusses important considerations, 'pro tips,' and best practices for converting vehicles to run on alternative fuels such as natural gas and propane. The second case, the Wuala distributed file storage platform, made, at a particular point in its history, the choice of reverting to a centralized model, so as to “simplify” the technical development process and the related business model. The first one, the Faroo peer-to-peer search engine, made the core socio-technical choice of placing users and their computing equipment at the core of the system as a consequence, several strategies were required to remedy technical conundrums and maintain users’ enrollment in the system. The chapter builds upon empirical material derived from two case studies of particular events in the development processes of decentralized systems. Abstract : This chapter focuses on the issue of the “gaps” in the peer-based design of the technical architecture of Internet-based services although net architecture will be our primary focus, we will also consider how dynamics of motivation/incentives to participate in peer-based systems, and their attractiveness/usability, are fundamentally linked to the constraints and opportunities of different architectural designs.
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